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Hello everyone.

I'm trying to adapt the card game shown below to the Pythonista 3, but I find a bug that I am unable to resolve. It appears in the "draw" function and the error is "init() missing 4 required positional arguments: r, g, b, a,...". Some clue?

Best regards

# Card Game
#
# In this game, you have to find matching pairs of cards.
# This scene consists entirely of layers and demonstrates some
# interesting animation techniques.

from scene import *
from random import shuffle
from functools import partial
import sound

class Game(Scene):
    def setup(self):
        self.root_layer = Layer(self.bounds)
        for effect in ['Click_1', 'Click_2', 'Coin_2', 'Coin_5']:
            sound.load_effect(effect)

        self.deal()

    def draw(self):
        background(0.0, 0.2, 0.3)
        self.root_layer.update(self.dt)  ### bug???
        self.root_layer.draw()

    def deal(self):
        images = ['Rabbit_Face', 'Mouse_Face', 'Cat_Face',
        'Dog_Face', 'Octopus', 'Bear_Face',
        'Chicken', 'Cow_Face'] * 2
        for image in images:
            load_image(image)
        shuffle(images)
        self.root_layer.sublayers = []
        self.cards = []
        self.selected = []
        card_size = 96 if self.size.w > 700 else 64
        width = (card_size + 5) * 4
        offset = Point((self.size.w - width)/2,
        (self.size.h - width)/2)
        for i in range(len(images)):
            x, y = i % 4, i // 4
            card = Layer(Rect(offset.x + x * (card_size + 5),
            offset.y + y * (card_size + 5),
            card_size, card_size))
            card.card_image = images[i]
            card.background = Color(0.9, 0.9, 0.9, 1)
            card.stroke = Color(1, 1, 1, 1)
            card.stroke_weight = 4.0
            self.add_layer(card)
            self.cards.append(card)
        self.touch_disabled = False

    def touch_began(self, touch):
        if self.touch_disabled or len(self.cards) == 0:
            return
        if len(self.selected) == 2:
            self.discard_selection()
            return
        for card in self.cards:
            if card in self.selected or len(self.selected) > 1:
                continue
            if touch.location in card.frame:
                def reveal_card():
                    card.image = card.card_image
                    card.animate('scale_x', 1.0, 0.15,
                    completion=self.check_selection)
                self.selected.append(card)
                self.touch_disabled = True
                card.animate('scale_x', 0.0, 0.15,
                completion=reveal_card)
                card.scale_y = 1.0
                card.animate('scale_y', 0.9, 0.15, autoreverse=True)
                sound.play_effect('Click_1')
                break

    def discard_selection(self):
        sound.play_effect('Click_2')
        for card in self.selected:
            def conceal(card):
                card.image = None
                card.animate('scale_x', 1.0, 0.15)
            card.animate('scale_x', 0.0, 0.15,
            completion=partial(conceal, card))
            card.scale_y = 1.0
            card.animate('scale_y', 0.9, 0.15, autoreverse=True)
        self.selected = []

    def check_selection(self):
        self.touch_disabled = False
        if len(self.selected) == 2:
            card_img1 = self.selected[0].card_image
            card_img2 = self.selected[1].card_image
            if card_img1 == card_img2:
                sound.play_effect('Coin_5')
                for c in self.selected:
                    c.animate('background', Color(0.5, 1, 0.5, 1))
                    self.cards.remove(c)
                    self.selected = []
                    if len(self.cards) == 0:
                        self.win()

    def new_game(self):
        sound.play_effect('Coin_2')
        self.deal()
        self.root_layer.animate('scale_x', 1.0)
        self.root_layer.animate('scale_y', 1.0)

    def win(self):
        self.delay(0.5, partial(sound.play_effect, 'Powerup_2'))
        font_size = 100 if self.size.w > 700 else 50
        text_layer = TextLayer('Well Done!', 'Futura', font_size)
        text_layer.frame.center(self.bounds.center())
        overlay = Layer(self.bounds)
        overlay.background = Color(0, 0, 0, 0)
        overlay.add_layer(text_layer)
        self.add_layer(overlay)
        overlay.animate('background', Color(0.0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.7))
        text_layer.animate('scale_x', 1.3, 0.3, autoreverse=True)
        text_layer.animate('scale_y', 1.3, 0.3, autoreverse=True)
        self.touch_disabled = True
        self.root_layer.animate('scale_x', 0.0, delay=2.0,
        curve=curve_ease_back_in)
        self.root_layer.animate('scale_y', 0.0, delay=2.0,
        curve=curve_ease_back_in,
        completion=self.new_game)

run(Game())

Older scene programs were based on the Classic Rendering Loop.

There is a point too much in your code.

self.root_layer.update(self.dt)_ ### bug???

After you match two tiles, the script will fail in the way that @david suggests.

I did run your your code now. The reason why the script raises the exception is a namespace conflict in pythonistas scene namespace. If you follow the trace you will see that the exception is raised at scene_drawing.py line 253:

...
... isinstance(self.to_value, Color):
253         value = Color()
...

The Color type does not support a parameterless constructor anymore. There is nothing you can do because the file scene_drawing is read only (you could circumvent that but that does not seem to be a good idea). You would have to change value = Color() to something like value = Color(1, 1, 1, 1).

This seems to be a bug in recordtype... or should I say an incompatibility with Python 3.

In py3:

        cls.__init__.im_func.func_defaults = init_defaults
should be
        cls.__init__.__defaults__= init_defaults

Hi all... Yes, the "problem" appears in the line "253 value = Color()" in scene_drawing.py

Following the line that says @ccc, I understand that I have to change the "classic rendering loop" by "Node/Action" ... any suggestions?

you could also just monkey patch Color:

 _scene_types.Color.__init__.__defaults__=(0,0,0,0)

Based on @JonB suggestion above, these lines fixed things...

try:      # Python 3
    Color.__init__.__defaults__ = (0, 0, 0, 0)
except AttributeError:
    pass  # Python 2

Nice. This work. Thank you!